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Research > Homework Center > Social issues - page 2

Social issues - page 2

This Web page has been created to meet the needs of Multnomah County middle and high school students researching current social issues from multiple perspectives.

Global warming

Support Ending

Global warming: State Impacts
http://yosemite.epa.gov/oar/globalwarming.nsf/content/ImpactsStateImpacts.html
Read an overview of any state's greenhouse gas emissions and actions being taken to reduce them, various climate change impact studies, reports on emissions from electrical utilities and carbon dioxide emissions, and more.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency: Global warming
http://yosemite.epa.gov/oar/globalwarming.nsf/content/
Read about the impact of climate change on various ecosystems. Find out how it affects birds and fish. Learn the history of this problem.

Oppose

Global Warming Information Page
http://www.globalwarming.org/
Articles, essays, activities and tips for sharing global warming information with kids, a global warming "myths vs. facts" article and much more.
Global Warming Information Center
http://www.nationalcenter.org/Kyoto.html
From the National Center for Public Policy Research.The conservative perspective on this issue. Includes various articles, press releases and bulletins.

Legislation

Air Pollution Prevention and Control
http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode42/usc_sup_01_42_10_85.html
Air pollution laws as they appear in the U.S. Code.
Global Climate Change Treaty: Summary of the Kyoto Protocol
http://www.ncseonline.org/NLE/CRSreports/Climate/clim-3.cfm?&CFID=6228607&CFTOKEN=14270867
A Congressional Research Service Report summarizing the Kyoto treaty.

Government vs. religion

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution
http://www.law.emory.edu/FEDERAL/usconst/amend.html#art-1
Government vs. religion in The United States
http://www.religioustolerance.org/govt_con.htm
The Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance present a summary of and links to the Religious Freedom Restoration Act and a list of court cases regarding religion and government involvement.
Religious Liberty
http://www.aclu.org/ReligiousLiberty/ReligiousLibertyMain.cfm
This website from the ACLU provides information about church and state entanglement as well as other social issues regarding religion in the US.

Gun control

Gun control megasites

Your Turn: Gun control
http://www.courttv.com/choices/yourturn/guncontrol/
Court TV presents video clips and facts about gun control.
Gun Laws, Gun control & Gun Rights
http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/gunlaw.htm
From the University of Pittsburgh School of Law, this website addresses the viewpoints of gun control and gun rights.
Guns/Gun control
http://www.newsmax.com/articles/?a=2000/3/9/131803
A collection of links offering many perspectives in regard to this issue.

Support

Violence Policy Center
http://www.vpc.org/
This center "approaches firearms violence from a public health perspective and explores policy alternatives to commonly accepted views on gun violence." Information on firearm violence as relates to women, youth and the elderly. Federal and state policy issues.
Violence Policy Center
http://www.vpc.org/
Statistics and publications on firearms, legislation, literature database, international gun violence prevention and more.
Gunfree
http://www.gunfree.org/
This advocacy organization fights for gun control.
Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence
http://www.bradycampaign.org/
These organizations were formed to promote the creation of "sensible gun laws." website includes media and action alerts, federal and state gun laws, tips for protecting yourself and your family, and more.
Student Pledge Against Gun Violence
http://www.pledge.org/
Sign the pledge online or get your school involved. Information, press releases, frequently asked questions, activities and curriculum, resources and contact people, and more about the Student Pledge can be found here. This website was created to support the annual Day of National Concern about Young People and Gun Violence.

Oppose

L.A.R.G.O.: Lawful and Responsible Gun Owners
http://www.largo.org/
A gun ownership advocacy group seeking to show that the "vast majority of citizens who own firearms are good, decent people from all walks of life." Read articles on the meaning of the Second Amendment, the intentions of the founding fathers, and the effects of gun control. Includes related links.
The National Rifle Association of America
http://www.nra.org/
News regarding gun issues, legislative alerts, gun safety information and more.

Legislation

Brady Handgun Protection Act
http://www.gunowners.org/bitxt.htm
Full text of the Act.
The Gun control Act of 1968
http://www.atf.gov/pub/fire-explo_pub/gca.htm
Gun control Legislation
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/guntime1.html
Federal legislation summaries.
State by State Look at Gun Laws in the U.S.
http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/1998/schools/gun.control/
State legislation summaries.
The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution
http://www.law.emory.edu/FEDERAL/usconst/amend.html#art-2
Text of the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution.
RA-ILA Research & Information - Federal & State Laws
http://www.nraila.org/GunLaws/ x
Summaries of key provisions governing the ownership and use of firearms in each state and federally.

Homelessness

Homelessness megasites

Profile of Homelessness
http://aspe.hhs.gov/homeless/
This website provides information to better understand homeless issues.
Homeless Women's Network
http://www.speakeasy.org/~femme2/hwn/
"Dedicated to empowering women & youth to overcome the limitations of homelessness and poverty."
National Coalition for the Homeless
http://www.nationalhomeless.org/
Facts, myths, directory of national and local organizations involved in homelessness. The website also includes facts and statistics about the homeless.
Portland Habitat for Humanity
http://www.pdxhabitat.org/
This website provides the history of the organization, current Portland projects, volunteer opportunities and information on how to apply for home ownership through the organization.
Real Change: Seattle's Homeless Newspaper
http://www.realchangenews.org/
Read this online newspaper.

Legislation

National Law Center for the Homeless
http://www.nlchp.org/
Legal rights and laws regarding homeless people.

Homosexuality

See also Same-Sex Marriages

Support

ACLU: Lesbian and Gay Rights
http://www.aclu.org/LesbianGayRights/LesbianGayRightsMain.cfm
Information about anti-gay initiatives, anti-gay violence, civil rights laws, job discrimination and much more.
Homosexuality and Bisexuality
http://www.religioustolerance.org/homosexu.htm
The Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance present professional, Christian, and other viewpoints on homosexuality.
Human Rights Campaign
http://www.hrc.org/
The largest national lesbian and gay political organization. Read political news and background on the issues.
Queer Resources Directory
http://www.qrd.org/
A huge database of information and links regarding gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender issues.

Oppose

Family Research Council
http://www.frc.org/
The views of a non-profit organization, the mission of which is to "reaffirm and promote... the traditional family unit and the Judeo-Christian value system..." Provides answers to FAQs about the homosexual agenda, aids funding, and the redefinition of marriage.
Christian Resources about Homosexuality and AIDS
http://home.messiah.edu/~chase/h/index.htm
Links, articles, testimonies and more.
NARTH: National Association of Research and Therapy of Homosexuality
http://www.narth.com/
A psychological organization that seeks to conduct research on and provide therapy for homosexuality, which its members consider a psychological disorder.

Legislation

Famous Case Archive
http://www.qrd.org/qrd/www/legal/#famous
A list of legal cases regarding homosexuality. From this website you can also access a list of statewide gay rights laws.
Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc. et al
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=96-568
U.S. Supreme Court ruling on same-sex sexual harrasment.

Human Rights

Human Rights megasites

Amnesty International
http://www.amnesty.org/
Read Amnesty's annual reports which discuss human rights conditions by country and region, check out current news and links to related sites.
For the Record
http://www.hri.ca/fortherecord2003/ftrchoice.html
A country-by-country overview of human rights with links to related United Nations documents.
Fourth World Atlas Project
http://www.cwis.org/fwdp/atlas.htm
From the Center for World Indigenous Studies, this website is indexed by ethnicity. See also Human Rights Watch
http://www.hrw.org/
Read detailed information about human rights conditions by country and region. Very up-to-date.
United Nations Human Rights Web site
http://www.ohchr.org/english/
Read fact sheets, press releases, reports, resolutions, and legislation produced by the United Nations.
Women's Human Rights Resources
http://www.law-lib.utoronto.ca/Diana/
"This list of international women's human rights websites is compiled by lawyers and librarians, and is meant to assist those interested in the legal aspects of women's human rights." Organized into various issues such as education, rights of girls, violence against women and so on.

Human Rights Legislation

A Summary of United Nations Agreements on Human Rights
http://www.hrweb.org/legal/undocs.html
Includes the text of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Geneva Conventions, the Convention Against Genocide, and more.

Immigration

Immigration megasites

Multnomah County Library Homework Center: Immigration
http://www.multcolib.org/homework/amhsthc.html#immigration
History of Ellis Island, Angel Island, immigration during the early 20th century, the history of the Statue of Liberty, and immigration today.
Norman Matloff's Immigration Forum
http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/pub/Immigration/
A collection of articles, op-ed pieces, and essays written by specialists on the topic of immigration who have varying opinions and perspectives regarding this issue.
INS Online: United States Immigration and Naturalization Service
http://uscis.gov/graphics/
Web website of the federal agency responsible for implementing U.S. immigration policy and for providing information regarding immigration to the U.S.

Support

American Immigration Lawyers Association
http://www.aila.org/
Be sure to check out the "5 Immigration Myths Explained."
Immigrants' Rights: ACLU
http://www.aclu.org/ImmigrantsRights/ImmigrantsRightsMain.cfm
Find out what's happening in Congress regarding immigration, read about recent legal battles and current news related to the issue, and check out the ACLU's resources concerning immigration.

Oppose

FAIR: Federation for American Immigration Reform
http://www.fairus.org
Read a website about an organization of citizens who believe "that our nation's immigration policies must be reformed to serve the national interest." The website provides a history of immigration, a collection of opinion pieces, articles, polls, etc. addressing various issues related to immigration, legislation, and immigration issues by state.

Legislation

Immigration & Naturalization Legislation
http://uscis.gov/graphics/lawsregs/index.htm
"This page provides information on laws, regulations and interpretations controlling immigration and the work of the immigration-related bureaus of the Department of Homeland Security."
Text of the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act
http://www-marine.stanford.edu/HMSweb/cea.htm
This is the US Congressional act that excluded Chinese from immigrating to the US. This act was repealed in the 1940s.

Legalization of marijuana

Marijuana megasites

Multnomah County Library Homework Center: Marijuana
http://www.multcolib.org/homework/healhc.html#mar
Sites that provide facts about marijuana, statistics of use, and long-term effects of marijuana use.
Busted: America's War on Marijuana
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/dope/
Frontline presents a program on marijuana, laws, and more.
Weed Wars
http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9702/weed.wars/
CNN Interactive presents the issues surrounding marijuana, the debate, the facts and statistics, the medicinal use, and a chronology of marijuana from 1937-1997.

Support

Marijuana Policy Project
http://www.mpp.org/
From the Washington DC advocacy organization, this website provides legislative updates via e-mail, news releases regarding medicinal marijuana arrests, marijuana prohibition facts flyer, and the project's National Marijuana Control and Regulation Strategy.
NORML: Working to Reform Marijuana Laws
http://www.norml.org/
"NORML is a nonprofit, public-interest lobby that for more than 30 years has provided a voice for those Americans who oppose marijuana prohibition. We represent the interests of the tens of millions of Americans who smoke marijuana responsibly and believe the recreational and medicinal use of marijuana should no longer be a crime."
Oregon NORML
http://www.ornorml.org/
The Oregon chapter of NORML. Includes current information in regard to pending Oregon marijuana legislation, and includes a history of Oregon reform efforts. Check out "Consider.." to find information about Portland, Multnomah County, and Oregon marijuana use.

Oppose

Drug Free America Foundation
http://www.dfaf.org/
Opposes legalization of marijuana, particularly in Florida, where this organization is based.
National Families in Action
http://www.nationalfamilies.org/
"National Families in Action is a national drug education, prevention, and policy center based in Atlanta, Georgia. The organization was founded in 1977. Its primary goal is to help families and communities prevent drug abuse."
Office of National Drug Control Policy
http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/
From the White House, this organization "establishes policies, priorities, and objectives for the Nation's drug control program, the goals of which are to reduce illicit drug use, manufacturing, and trafficking; drug-related crime and violence; and drug-related health consequences." Includes drug facts, prevention and enforcement, National Drug Control Policy and more. Searchable site!
Drug-Free Resource Net
http://www.drugfreeamerica.org/
From Partnership for a Drug-Free America, this website provides drug facts including what they look like, frequently asked questions, and more.
Parents. The Anti-Drug
http://www.theantidrug.com/
Q & A discusses various beliefs and facts about marijuana. "Source for marijuana prevention publications, information, and other tools."

Legislation

Controlled Substances Act
http://www.fda.gov/opacom/laws/cntrlsub/ctlsbtoc.htm
The entire act online.
State By State List of Marijuana Laws
http://www.norml.org/index.cfm?wtm_view=&Group_ID=4516
From NORML activist organization, this website presents each state's marijuana laws.
Supreme Court Rejects White House Appeal Over Medical Marijuana
http://www.cnn.com/2003/LAW/10/14/scotus.medical.marijuana/
CNN report from 10/14/03 appeal denial.

National debate topic

Resolved: That the United States federal government should substantially decrease its authority either to detain without charge or to search without probable cause.

Research Guide for the High School Debate Topic
http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/debate05.html
This is a collection of sites and online documents to use for research about education in the United States put together by government documents librarians at the University of Michigan.

Nuclear proliferation

Nuclear proliferation megasites

Coalition to Reduce Nuclear Dangers
http://www.clw.org/archive/coalition/
A coalition of American arms control organizations. Read news releases and reports related to this issue.
Nuclear Issues in India and Pakistan
http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/SSEAL/SouthAsia/nuclear.html
Chronologies of nuclear testing in India and Pakistan, maps, photos, international reaction to Indian/Pakistani tests, and more.
Loose Nukes
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/nukes/
From Frontline on PBS, this website provides the nuclear status of nations and discusses nuclear smuggling.
Nuclear Control Institute
http://www.nci.org
The organization, located in Washington DC, "is an independent research and advocacy center specializing in problems of nuclear proliferation. Non-partisan and non-profit, we monitor nuclear activities worldwide and pursue strategies to halt the spread and reverse the growth of nuclear arms."
Nuclear Weapons Free Zones
http://www.opanal.org/NWFZ/NWFZ's.htm
Countries around the world have committed to a nuclear free zone in their countries through treaties.
The U.S. Nuclear Weapons Cost Study Project
http://www.brook.edu/FP/PROJECTS/NUCWCOST/WEAPONS.HTM
An effort to catalogue the costs of the nuclear weapons program to U.S. taxpayers.
Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Middle East
http://cns.miis.edu/research/wmdme/index.htm
Find out who is part of the treaty membership and country profiles of chemical weapons.

Legislation

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Policy Act of 1998
http://www.house.gov/stark/webarchives/Newweb/documents/documents/nonukes.html
One of the acts introduced to the US House of Representatives.

Organ & body donation

Organ Donation
http://www.organdonor.gov/
Includes frequently asked questions, myths, and other information about organ donation.
Transweb
http://www.transweb.org/
A great resource, this website includes current news, issues and answers, FAQs, stories from people who have been through the process, and even a Transplant/Donation quiz to test your knowledge of the issues.
United Network for Organ Sharing
http://www.unos.org/
A good resource for current statistics and news. Also provides a glossary, FAQs and a discussion of the myths surrounding transplantation.

Pledge of Allegiance

Pledge of Allegiance megasites

The Pledge of Allegiance
http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_pled2.htm
Religious Tolerance discusses the controversy around the Pledge of Allegiance.

Retain "under God"

Stop Liberal Judges
http://www.stopliberaljudges.com/
This group supports keeping the words "under God" in the pledge and the public display of the Ten Commandments.

Remove "under God"

Restore Our Pledge of Allegiance
http://www.restorethepledge.com/
This organization supports the original, 1942 Congress approved pledge.

Pledge of Allegiance Legislation

First Ammendment's Establishment Clause
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data/constitution/amendments.html
Clause of the US Constitution's First Amendment regarding religious establishment.
West Virginia State Board of Education vs. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=319&invol=624
Santa Fe Independent School District vs. Doe (2000)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=000&invol=99-62

Poverty

Institute for Research on Poverty
http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/irp/
Produced by a national research center in Wisconsin, this website offers an FAQ list regarding poverty and its causes, downloadable publications, and links to poverty-related sites.
National Center for Children in Poverty
http://www.nccp.org/
The mission of this organization is to share information about poverty as it affects children in the United States. Read the facts on child poverty, get state and local information and learn about the effects of welfare reform on young children.
U.S. Census Bureau
http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty.html
Get the official statistics on poverty.

Prayer in schools

Prayer in schools megasites

Finding Common Ground
http://www.freedomforum.org/templates/document.asp?documentID=3979
A guide to religious liberty in public schools. A first ammendment guide to religion in public education.
Christian Science Monitor: Praying At School
http://csmweb2.emcweb.com/durable/1998/06/16/fp51s2-csm.htm
An article published in the Christian Science Monitor. Includes links to sites with both pro and con positions.
Prayer in Public Schools- both compulsory and voluntary
http://www.religioustolerance.org/prayer.htm
From The Ontario Consultants for Religious Tolerance, this website presents things to consider, The Bible's perception of school prayer, and legal aspects and a chronology of school prayer since 1894.
School Prayer: The Issue
http://www.itvs.org/schoolprayer/issue.html
This website presents the debate, pro and con perspectives and the judicial rulings.

Support

Pro School Prayer Position
http://www.itvs.org/schoolprayer/issue3.html
This website discusses prayer in school.

Oppose

The Case Against School Prayer
http://ffrf.org/nontracts/schoolprayer.php
The text of a brochure produced by the Freedom from Religion Foundation.
FAQ About Prayer in School: American Atheists
http://www.atheists.org/schoolhouse/faqs.prayer.html
Fifteen questions posed and answered by the American Atheists organization.

Legislation

ENGEL v. VITALE, 370 U.S. 421 (1962)
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=370&invol=421
1962 Supreme Court case on freedom of religion.

Racial Profiling

Racial Equality
http://www.aclu.org/RacialEquality/RacialEqualitylist.cfm?c=133
The ACLU's special section on the subject.
Racial Profiling Data Collection Center at Northeastern University: Legislation
http://www.racialprofilinganalysis.neu.edu/index.php
Click on a state to learn about legislation related to racial profiling.
Introduction: Racial Profiling Collection
http://www.adversity.net/FRAMES/profiling_frame.htm
This website from Adversity.net (for victims of reverse discrimination) provides a collection of news articles and other reports support that racial profiling does not discriminate.

Legislation

Traffic Stops Study Act of 1999
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c106:S.821:
Text of the Senate bill providing for the collection of data on traffic stops.

Same-Sex Marriages

Same-Sex Marriage megasites

Same-Sex Marriages, Civil Unions & Domestic Partnerships
http://www.religioustolerance.org/hom_marr_menu.htm
From Religious Tolerance, this website provides a basic overview and history of the issues, public opinions, current status throughout the US, Canada, North America, secular and religious aspects and more.

Pro

Basic Rights Oregon
http://www.basicrights.org
Advocacy group working to end discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in Oregon.
Log Cabin Republicans
http://online.logcabin.org/
Loyal Republicans who support gay marriage and are anti-amendment. Watch the commercial they produced regarding anti-amendment efforts.
Domestic Partnership, Civil Unions, Marriage
http://www.aclu.org/LesbianGayRights/LesbianGayRightslist.cfm?c=10
From the ACLU press releases and legislative actions.
Equal Marriage for Same-Sex Couples
http://www.samesexmarriage.ca/
Canada advocacy group in favor of same-sex marriages.
Faith Leaders Speak Out
http://www.lambdalegal.org/cgi-bin/iowa/documents/record?record=1211
Information about why a person of faith may support same-sex marriages. Political and sports figures, actors and musicians and more who support equal rights in marriage for all. Statements of support from individuals and national leaders of faith.
Get Busy, Get Equal
http://www.aclu.org/getequal/
ACLU website supporting equal rights for same-sex marriages.
GLAD Marriage
http://www.glad.org/marriage/
Issues related to Massachusetts Supreme Court case and general same-sex marriage information.
Issue Report: Same-Sex Marriage
http://www.now.org/issues/lgbi/marr-rep.html
National Organization for Women presents key points of the issue, NOW's efforts and more.
Lambda Legal: Marriage Project
http://www.lambdalegal.org/cgi-bin/iowa/issues/record?record=9
Current legislative actions, a retrospective history supporting marriage for same-sex couples in the US, opinions of how this ban harms family and social security, and various other facts about marriage and the US.
Legal Marriage Alliance of Washington
http://www.lmaw.org/
Washington state advocacy group supporting same-sex marriage.
Love Makes a Family
http://www.lmfamily.org/
Oregon state advocacy group supporting same-sex marriage.
Marriage
http://www.hrc.org/Template.cfm?Section=Center&Template=/TaggedPage/TaggedPageDisplay.cfm&TPLID=63&ContentID=17353
Human Rights Campaign present updates on same-sex marriage issues and legislation.
Marriage Equality
http://www.marriageequality.org/
What are the legal benefits to marriage? Find out here. This website also addresses what the opposition says against same-sex marriage and more.
National Freedom to Marry Coalition
http://www.freedomtomarry.org/
Advocacy group moving to win legal marriage state by state.
Religious Coalition for the Freedom to Marry
http://www.rcfm.org
This organization supports civil unions between same-sex couples. Several clergy have stopped signing state marriage certificates all together until same-sex civil unions are legal. Read more about this here.
Religious Support for Equal Rights
http://www.iwgonline.org/marriage/
From the Interfaith Working Group. "Our mission is to inform the public of the diversity of religious opinion on social issues where it is not widely recognized by providing a voice and a forum for religious organizations, congregations and clergy who support equal rights for gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people; reproductive freedom; and the separation of church and state."
Vermont Guide to Civil Unions
http://www.sec.state.vt.us/otherprg/civilunions/civilunions.html
The legal steps to attained legal union in Vermont.

Against

Defense of Marriage Coalition
http://www.defenseofmarriagecoalition.org/
Advocacy group against same-sex marriage.
Alliance for Marriage
http://www.allianceformarriage.org/
This advocacy group promotes marriage and address fatherless families in the US. Also provides details about the group's position supporting the proposed Federal Marriage Amendment (H.J. Res. 56) to the US Constitution.
Alliance Defense Fund
http://www.alliancedefensefund.org
Advocacy group supporting traditional marriage.
Christian Coalition of Oregon
http://www.coalition.org/
"Oregon's Grassroots Organization Defending our Godly Heritage." This website has several articles and opinions pieces regarding same-sex marriage.
CitizenLink: Marriage and Family
http://www.family.org/cforum/fosi/marriage/
This organization provides feature articles that support traditional marriage. The website includes their official statement regarding same-sex marriage and civil unions.
Considerations Regarding Proposals to Give Legal Recognition to Unions Between Homosexual Persons
http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_20030731_homosexual-unions_en.html
Pope John Paul II provides the official Vatican position on same-sex unions.
Center for Marriage and Family Studies
http://www.frc.org/context.cfm?c=CENTER_MARRIAGE
The Family Research Council presents their opinions on same-sex marriage.
Same-Sex Marriage: What's 'Wrong' with It?
http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewCulture.asp?Page=/Culture/archive/200308/CUL20030801b.html
The Cybercast News Services presents an article against same-sex marriage.
Stand for Marriage
http://www.reclaimamerica.org/pages/Petitions.aspx?ptid=9
The Center for Reclaiming America advocacy group presents their opinions on same-sex unions.
Marriage: One Man, One Woman
http://www.cwfa.org/articles/4665/CWA/family/index.htm
The Concerned Women for America provide talking points to help women against same-sex unions to get their points and opinions across to others.

Legislation & Primary Documents

Legislation

National Legislative Actions & Information

Federal Marriage Amendment
http://capwiz.com/frc/issues/votes/?votenum=155&chamber=S&congress=1082
Find out how your state's senators voted on the July 14, 2004 Senate vote on the Federal Marriage Act.
Judicial Advocacy vs. Democracy: What are the National Implications of the Massachusetts Goodridge Decision and the Judicial Invalidation of Traditional Marriage Laws?
http://judiciary.senate.gov/hearing.cfm?id=1072
The March 3, 2004 US Senate hearing and testimony on "judicial invalidation of traditional marriage laws" by the Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil rights and Property Rights.
Defense of Marriage Act
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c104:H.R.3396.ENR:
The act in its entirety as well as a summary.
Domestic Partnerships: AB 205
http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/postquery?bill_number=ab_205&sess=CUR&house=B&author=goldberg
California House Bill AB 205, includes details of its life in the House and its passage.
Lawrence and Garner vs. Texas
http://www.supremecourtus.gov/opinions/02pdf/02-102.pdf
Supreme Court decision that overturned sodomy laws. For a summary of the case, visit here. Many feel this decision is a precursor to legalizing same-sex marriages.
Zablocki vs. Redhail
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&friend=oyez&vol=434&invol=374
US Supreme Court reasoned that marriage was "Marriage is one of the `basic civil rights of man,' fundamental to our very existence and survival."
Loving v. Virginia
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=388&invol=1&friend=oyez
The 1967 US Supreme Court decision which found that the Viriginia statute that prevented marriages between persons solely on the basis of racial classifications violated both the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the US Constitution's 14th Amendment. This case overturned such laws, which were still in effect in 1967 in 16 states.
Same-Sex Court Cases
http://www.marriageequality.org/main_facts.php?page=cases_in_court&PHPSESSID=1e125d762ca827d29063683bbe2fd393
Lists current and important state and federal court cases regarding same-sex marriages.
State by State Comparison on Same-Sex Marriages
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/09/30/politics/main646662.shtml
This CBS illustrates where each state's laws stand on the issue or same-sex marriage.
State-by-State
http://www.gay-civil-unions.com/HTML/State_By_State/State_by_State.htm
Review each state's recent or current legal actions regarding same-sex unions.
Same-Sex Marriage Law in the US
http://www.cnn.com/interactive/law/0402/timeline.same.sex/content.1.html
This CNN timeline explores the history of same-sex marriage laws and legal battles.

The US Constitution

Federal Marriage Amendment: H.J. Res. 56
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d108:h.j.res.00056:
Proposed amendment to the US Constitution to define marriage in section 1 as "Marriage in the United States shall consist only of the union of a man and a woman. Neither this Constitution or the constitution of any State, nor state or federal law, shall be construed to require that marital status or the legal incidents thereof be conferred upon unmarried couples or groups." This website provides information about the status of this proposed amendment as well.
Amendments to the US Constitution: Article V of the US Constitution
http://www.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/constitution_transcript.html
The National Archives provides a transcript of the US Constitution. Scroll down to Article V.
Section 1 of the 14th Amendment of the US Constitution
http://www.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/constitution_amendments_11-27.html
"All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."
Section1, Article 4, US Constitution
http://www.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/constitution_transcript.html
"Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof."

Oregon Legislation/Actions

Initiative 150
http://www.sos.state.or.us/elections/irr/2004/150sigver.pdf
Oregon's Office of the Secretary of the State states that the proposed Oregon Constitutional Amendment recognizing marriage only as between a man and a woman has met the minimum number of signatures to become a ballot measure on the November 2004 ballot.
Draft Ballot for an Oregon Constitutional Amendment
http://www.sos.state.or.us/elections/irr/2004/150dbt.pdf
Oregon's Office of the Secretary of the State received this draft ballot &, title from the Oregon Attorney General on March 10, 2004. Initiative petition #150 is proposed for the November 2, 2004 election and was submitted to the Secretary of the State on March 2, 2004.
Oregon Constitution, Article I, Section 20
http://landru.leg.state.or.us/orcons/orcons.html
"Equality of privileges and immunities of citizens. No law shall be passed granting to any citizen or class of citizens privileges, or immunities, which, upon the same terms, shall not equally belong to all citizens."
Tanner v. Oregon Health Sciences University
http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/A94458_a.htm
The full text of the 1998 Oregon Court of Appeals decision that states discrimination by sexual orientation for benefits violates ORS 659.028 "It is not an unlawful employment practice for an employer, employment agency or labor organization to observe the terms of a * * * bona fide employee benefit plan, such as a retirement, pension or insurance plan, which is not a subterfuge to evade the purposes of this chapter." It also found that it also violates the Oregon Constitution Article 1 Section 20, "No law shall be passed granting to any citizen or class of citizens privileges or immunities, which, upon the same terms, shall not equally belong to all citizens."
Oregon Revised Statutes, Chapter 106 Marriage
http://www.leg.state.or.us/ors/106.html
Karen Minnis, Oregon Speaker of the House of Representatives, refers to this statute (106.150) when calling for the state Attorney General and Governor Kulongoski to enforce state law that refers to marriage being between "husband and wife."
Lambda Legal: State Law: Oregon: Marriage Laws
http://www.lambdalegal.org/cgi-bin/iowa/states/record?record=37#Marriage
Oregon's same-sex marriage legislative activity. See the states site for other states' legal actions on same-sex marriage and general legislation regarding lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, the transgendered, and people with HIV or AIDS.

Washington Legislation/Actions

Washington State Lawsuit
http://news.findlaw.com/cnn/docs/glrts/andrsnsims30804cmp.pdf
Lawsuit submitted to the Superior Court of Washington for King County states that Washington statutes and case law is in violation of the Washington State Constitution's equality and due process articles (Article 1 Section 3, Article 1 Section 7, Article 1 Section 12 and Article 31 Section 1).

California Legislation/Actions

Thomasson v. Newsom
http://news.findlaw.com/cnn/docs/glrts/ccfsf21304cmp.pdf
Complaint filed against San Francisco Mayor Newsom and his letter directing San Francisco to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
City of San Francisco Counter-Complaint to Thomasson vs. Newsom
http://news.findlaw.com/cnn/docs/glrts/prop22sf21904cc.pdf
Counter-complaint, response to complaint filed against San Francisco Mayor Newsom and his letter directing San Francisco to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
California's Family Code 300-310
http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/cgi-bin/displaycode?section=fam&group=00001-01000&file=300-310
Full text of California's Family Code.

Massachusetts Legislation/Actions

How Legislators Voted on the Final Language of the Gay Marriage Amendment
http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2004/03/29/how_legislators_voted_on_the_final_language_of_the_gay_marriage_amendment/
The Boston Globe article that states that final language used and adopted by the state legislature to amend the Massachusetts Constitution.
Goodridge vs. Department of Public Health
http://www.state.ma.us/courts/courtsandjudges/courts/supremejudicialcourt/goodridge.html
The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruling against a state ban on same-sex marriage.
Mass. Law About Same-Sex Marriage
http://www.lawlib.state.ma.us/gaymarriage.html
This website provides a summary and links to all the state court cases related to same-sex marriage in Massechusetts.

Vermont Legislation/Actions

Vermont's Civil Union Law
http://www.sec.state.vt.us/otherprg/civilunions/civilunionlaw.html
The full text of the Vermont law.
Baker v. Vermont
http://www.lambdalegal.org/sections/library/decisions/vermont
1999 Vermont Supreme Court decision found the laws denying equal benefits to committed same-sex partners unconstitutional.

Primary Documents

National

Transcript of Bush Statement
http://www.cnn.com/2004/ALLPOLITICS/02/24/elec04.prez.bush.transcript/
CNN provides a transcript of George W. Bush's announcement to support a US Constitution amendment defining marriage as between a man and a woman.
Gay Marriage
http://pewforum.org/docs/index.php?DocID=39
Results of a national poll taken in October 2003 by the Pew Research Center and the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. To read the entire survey summary regarding gay marriage and homosexuality in general, visit http://pewforum.org/publications/surveys/religion-homosexuality.pdf .
Recent National Polls on Same-Sex Marriage & Civil Unions
http://www.thetaskforce.org/community/marriagecenter.cfm#public
"These documents summarize the latest polling data on marriage equality, referencing both national and state polls. They also explain why public opinion should not determine individual rights or the rights of minority groups in a democracy."

Oregon

Multnomah County Same-Sex Marriage License Suspension April 22, 2004
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/clarification04-22-04.pdf
Chair Linn's statement in response to Judge Beardon's ruling and directive to temporarily halt issuing marriage licenses.
Statement of Multnomah County Chair Diane Linn, April 20, 2004
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/linn04-20-04.pdf
Chair Linn's statement in response to the Circuit Court's ruling that denying marriages to same-sex couples violates the Oregon Constitution.
Multnomah County Chair Linn's Statement to Continue Licenses for All Couples
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/linn03-15-04.pdf
Multnomah County Chair Linn's response to Oregon Attorney General's March 12, 2004 opinion.
Oregon Attorney General's Opinion on Same-Sex Marriage
http://www.doj.state.or.us/hot_topics/pdf/ag_samesexopinion.pdf
Oregon's Attorney General, Hardy Myers, presents his opinion on March 12, 2004 in which he refers the issue to the Oregon Supreme Court.
Oregon Legislative Counsel's Opinion on Same-Sex Marriage
http://communique.portland.or.us/documents/040309/legislative_counsel_ssm.pdf
The 9-page, March 8, 2004 letter from Oregon's Legislative Counsel to Senator Kate Brown clarifying his legal opinion on same-sex marriage.
Oregon Attorney General's Statement Regarding Same-Sex Marriages
http://www.doj.state.or.us/releases/2004/rel030304b.shtml
The Oregon Attorney General presents the questions the governor has asked him to answer regarding the legalities of Multnomah County's issuance of marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
Speaker Minnis Calls Upon Governor, Attorney General to Uphold Oregon Law and Defend Marriage
http://www.leg.state.or.us/house/speaker/gay_marriage_pr_3_march_04.pdf
Official call by Oregon Speaker of the House, Republican Karen Minnis for the state to uphold the law and defend marriage as between a man and a woman.
Multnomah County Attorney's Legal Opinion on the Issuance of Marriage Licenses
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/county_attorney_opinion.pdf
Multnomah County memorandum that outlines the county attorney's legal opinion regarding issuing marriage licenses.
Stoel and Rive's Memo Supporting Multnomah County Attorney's Legal Opinion on the Issuance of Marriage Licenses
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/hinkle_memo.pdf
Memo in support of Multnomah County memorandum that outlines the county attorney's legal opinion regarding issuing marriage licenses.
Statement from Multnomah County Chair Diane Linn, March 3, 2004
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/linn03-04-04.pdf
Chair Linn's official statement regarding the county's issuance of marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
Statement from Multnomah County Commissioner Lisa Naito, March 3, 2004
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/naito03-03-04.pdf
Commissioner Naito's official statement regarding the county's issuance of marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
Statement from Multnomah County Commissioner Serena Cruz, March 3, 2004
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/cruz03-03-04.pdf
Commissioner Cruz's official statement regarding the county's issuance of marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
Statement from Multnomah County Commissioner Rojo de Steffey, March 3, 2004
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/rojo03-03-04.pdf
Commissioner Rojo de Steffey's official statement regarding the county's issuance of marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
Statement from Multnomah County Commissioner Lonnie Roberts, March 3, 2004
http://www.co.multnomah.or.us/marriage/roberts03-03-04.pdf
Commissioner Roberts' official statement regarding the county's issuance of marriage licenses to same-sex couples.

Washington

City Recognition of Valid Marriage Licenses
http://seattle.gov/mayor/executive_orders/cityrecognitionofvalidmarriagelicenses.pdf
Seattle Mayor Gregory Nickels signs Executive Order 02-04 acknowledging the validity of marriages regardless of gender and affirming the city's support for gay marriage. Read the mayor's Q&A about the executive order.
Washington State Constitution
http://www.courts.wa.gov/education/constitution/index.cfm
Full text of the Washington State Constitution.

California

San Francisco Mayor Letter re: Same-Sex Licenses
http://news.findlaw.com/cnn/docs/glrts/sfmayor21004ltr.html
FindLaw provides a copy of Mayor Gavin Newsom's letter requesting that the clerk's office provide marriage licenses to anyone, regardless of gender or sexual orientation.

Sweatshops

Exposing Sweatshops
http://www.corpwatch.org/article.php?list=type&type=108
This website by Corporate Watch features sweatshops by providing an editorial on the subject, facts, interviews, Nike issues the report and summary from the White House Task Force on Sweatshops and more.
Sweatshop Watch
http://www.sweatshopwatch.org/
Find out about what you can do, headlines on this topic, and what's new. "Sweatshop Watch is a coalition of labor, community, civil rights, immigrant rights and women's organizations, attorneys and advocates committed to eliminating the exploitation that occurs in sweatshops."
Ending Sweatshops
http://www.sweatshops.org/
Why are there sweatshops? How can they be stopped? How can you buy products free of sweatshop and child labor? Find out here.
United Students Against Sweatshops
http://www.unionvoice.org/studentsagainstsweat/home.html
Find out about recent activities by companies and organizations regarding sweatshops. This website is from the Associated Students of Madison from the University of Madison-Wisconsin.

Terrorism

Terrorism megasites

Backgrounder: Terrorism
http://www.fema.gov/hazard/terrorism/index.shtm
What exactly is terrorism? A definition and description are on this website from the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
Response to Terrorism
http://usinfo.state.gov/is/international_security/terrorism.html
This website from the US State Department presents articles. interviews, and statements about terrorism. This website links to information about US terrorism trials of the past and currently happening.
The Terrorism Research Center
http://www.terrorism.com/
"The Terrorism Research Center is dedicated to informing the public of the phenomena of terrorism and information warfare. This website features essays and thought pieces on current issues, as well as links to other terrorism documents, research and resources."
Target on America
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/target/
This website looks at terrorism attacks on Americans from 1979 to 1988 and looks at the rise of Islamic terrorism from the mid-1960s to today.
Background Information on Foreign Terrorist Organizations
http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/rpt/fto/
This US State Department site, updated every two years, describes foreign terrorist organizations and provides their aliases.
Patterns of Global Terrorism
http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/pgtrpt/
This website from the US State Department presents the full text to the report called "The Patterns of Global Terrorism."
International Law: Terrorism
http://www.un.int/usa/terror.htm
This website from the US Mission to the United Nations site, this page presents world leaders and politicians' statements about fighting terrorism.
National Commission on Terrorism: Countering the Changing Threat of International Terrorism
http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/commission.html
This report evaluates America's laws, policies and practices for punishing and preventing terrorism directed at US citizens and focuses on addressing our policies and procedures' "problem areas and recommended changes."
Terrorism
http://www.unodc.org/unodc/terrorism.html
This website from the United Nations' Office of Drug Control and Crime Prevention presents information about the UN's terrorist prevention branch and about conventional terrorist weapons and international conventions against terrorism.

Policy & Legislation

Terrorism Law and Policy
http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/terrorism.htm
From the University of Pittsburgh's School of Law, this website addresses counterterrorism policy, laws, issue with civil liberties, and bioterrorism.
US State Department: Counterterrorism Office
http://www.state.gov/s/ct/
This website from the US State Department presents the US' counterterrorism policy, recent press releases from the President and the office, and additional information.
Effective Counterterrorism Act of 1996
http://nsi.org/Library/Legis/hr3071.txt
Full text of this act is available here.
Homeland Security Act
http://www.whitehouse.gov/deptofhomeland/analysis/
Full text of this act is available here.

Tobacco

Tobacco megasites

Multnomah County Library Homework Center: Drugs
http://www.multcolib.org/homework/healhc.html#drugs
Information about individual drugs and their effects.
Inside the Tobacco Deal
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/settlement/
Online report from the Frontline PBS program.
Children and Tobacco Compliance Checker
http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/oc/cftobacco/search.cfm
The FDA present this searchable database to see if any local area businesses have sold tobacco to minors.

Oppose

The Truth
http://www.thetruth.com/
This national campaign against tobacco use provides information about tobacco, how to get involved, and more.
Action on Smoking and Health
http://ash.org/
"A National Legal-Action Antismoking Organization Entirely Supported by Tax-Deductible Contributions."
Americans for Nonsmokers' Rights
http://www.no-smoke.org/
Legislation, educational programs, advocacy and more.
Smoke in the Eye
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/smoke/
Frontline program presents the story behind the breaking tobacco industry documents and more.

Legislation

Smoke-Free Ordinances
http://www.tcsg.org/sfelp/smokereg.htm
Smoke-free regulations, ordinances, and policies.
Multnomah County Smoke-Free Worksite
http://www.smokefreeworksite.org/index2.html
Smoke-free ordinances of Multnomah County, Oregon.
ASSEMBLY BILL 996 and PROPOSITION 188
http://www.ucsf.edu/campus/schmed/ihps/Prop188.html
California poposition.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PROPOSITION 99 (1988)
http://www.ucsf.edu/campus/schmed/ihps/Prop99.html
California law increasing cigarette taxes.
Proposition 188 Documents
http://www.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco/calminnesota/p188.html
From the library at the University of California San Francisco.

Violence

Family Violence Prevention Fund
http://endabuse.org/
A large website with statistics, personal stories and even a quiz. Includes links to related sites.
Kid Safety on the Internet
http://www.ou.edu/oupd/kidsafe/start.htm
Questions and answers to help kids protect themselves and handle emergencies.
National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center
http://www.safeyouth.org/home.htm
This website sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control, provides information for students, parents and educators.
S.A.F.E.: Stop Abuse for Everyone
http://www.safe4all.org/
This website concentrates on domestic violence against straight men, gay men, and lesbian women. Includes news stories, personal accounts, essays, studies, and much more.
Warning Signs
http://helping.apa.org/featuredtopics/feature.php?id=38
From the American Psychological Association, this website presents reasons for violence, recognizing the warning signs in others, dealing with anger, what are some risk factors, and controlling risk of violent behavior against others or oneself.

Violence in schools

Violence in schools megasites

The Center for the Prevention of School Violence
http://www.ncdjjdp.org/cpsv/
Though the focus of much of the information available here is North Carolina, there are many resources that will be useful to schools across the country.
Creating Safe and Drug-Free Schools: An Action Guide
http://www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles/safescho.pdf
Tips for schools, parents, students, community and business groups who are working toward safer schools. Includes a collection of "information briefs" on such topics as truancy, school uniforms, searches for weapons and drugs, conflict resolution, and more. Also provides several reports related to school violence.
Early Warning, Timely Response: A Guide to Safe Schools
http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/osep/gtss.html
This is the document produced by the Department of Education and Department of Justice in 1998 in response to the President's request for "a guide to help school personnel, parents, community members and others identify early indicators of troubling and potentially dangerous student behavior."
National School Safety Center
http://www.nssc1.org/
Created by Presidential Directive in 1984, this organization exists to "meet the growing need for additional training and preparation in the area of school crime and violence prevention." Includes the School Associated Violent Deaths Report, a Report on Violence and Discipline Problems in U.S. Public Schools produced by the National Center for Education Statistics, a variety of studies related to school violence, a checklist for characteristics of violent youth, and lists of organizations addressing this issue.
Ribbon of Promise: End School Violence
http://www.ribbonofpromise.org
Begun in Springfield, Oregon, this website promotes a campaign against school violence, provides a strategy, participation information, and more.
School Safety
http://www.eduref.org/cgi-bin/print.cgi/Resources/Educational_Management/School_Safety.html
A very detailed pathfinder for information on school violence
Stopping School Violence
http://www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles/safescho.pdf
From the National Crime Prevention Council. Includes information for parents, students, teachers, prinicipals, and law enforcement such as warning signs and conflict management tips.
Student Pledge Against Gun Violence
http://www.pledge.org/
Sign the pledge online or get your school involved. Information, press releases, frequently asked questions, activities and curriculum, resources and contact people, and more about the Student Pledge can be found here. This website was created to support the annual Day of National Concern about Young People and Gun Violence.
Threat Assessment: Predicting and Preventing School Violence
http://www.naspcenter.org/factsheets/threatassess_fs.html
A fact sheet from the National Association of School Psychologists
Youth Crime Watch of America
http://www.ycwa.org/
"A non-profit organization that assists youth in actively reducing crime and drug use in their schools and communities....Youth Crime Watch programs are credited with the significant decline of drug use and crime in America since the early 1980's."

Legislation

Gun-Free Schools Act 1994
http://www.ode.state.oh.us/safe_schools/legislation/sdfsgunfree.asp
The Act entirely online.

Welfare

Welfare megasites

Welfare Information Network
http://www.financeprojectinfo.org/win/
"A clearinghouse for information, policy analysis and technical assistance on welfare reform."
Welfare Reform: Ongoing Implementation and Debate
http://www.libertynet.org/edcivic/welfref.html
This website analyzes poverty and welfare, tracks welfare reform, and provides commentary on the reform. Also included, speeches and reports on welfare, policies and more.

Legislation

Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c104:H.R.3734.ENR:
Full content of the act including a link to the bill's summary and status. You can also view this document using Acrobat Reader plug-in.
Welfare Law Center
http://www.welfarelaw.org/
Lots of information on welfare in the courts. Especially noteworthy is the publication "Welfare Myths--Fact or Fiction?"

World population

Multnomah County Library Homework Center: World Facts & Statistics
http://www.multcolib.org/homework/cntryhc.html#worldf
Many sites about population and world facts and statistics.
The Population Connection
http://www.populationconnection.org/
An organization "working to slow population growth and achieve a sustainable balance between the Earth's people and its resources." Check out the ZPG Reporter for related articles, read legislative updates and the FAQ.